I acknowledge that these products are intended for research purposes only and are not for human or animal use. They are not drugs and may not be used to diagnose, treat, or prevent any disease. I agree to comply with all applicable laws and safe laboratory practices. Access to this site is limited to persons 21 years of age or older.
Are you 21 years of age or older?
Research Guides
Analytical methods and how to read the documents that come with a lot.
Quality & Testing
An explainer on how chemical stability is formally studied, based on the ICH Q1A(R2) and Q1B guidelines: stress testing, long-term and accelerated storage conditions, time points, what a re-test period is, photostability exposure, and how to read a stability claim about a lyophilized peptide critically.
Quality & Testing
A plain-language guide to analytical method validation for peptide testing, based on the ICH Q2(R2) guideline: what specificity, range, linearity, accuracy, precision, detection and quantitation limits, robustness and system suitability mean, and what questions to ask about the method behind a purity number.
Quality & Testing
What the small peaks on a peptide chromatogram are: deletion, insertion and truncated sequences, racemized and incompletely deprotected forms, aspartimide, oxidation and deamidation products, and how labs detect and limit them.
Quality & Testing
Why a peptide that is 99% pure by HPLC is not 99% peptide by weight: how counter-ions such as trifluoroacetate and residual water make up part of the powder, how each is measured, and why the label mass is not the same as the peptide mass.
Quality & Testing
Why a country of origin, a brand or a label claim cannot tell you what is in a vial, how laboratories confirm identity and purity, and why every report belongs to exactly one lot.
Quality & Testing
A plain-language explanation of the endotoxin line on an analytical report: what endotoxins are, how the LAL test detects them, how results are expressed, and how to read the number against its limit.
Quality & Testing
A section-by-section walkthrough of a typical analytical report: lot number, identity by mass spectrometry, purity by HPLC, appearance and what each value tells you.
